Case Study “Ebay in China” - 1652 Words

Question 1 eBay first entered the Chinese market in 2002 by acquiring a 33% stake in its local counterpart, EachNet, followed by a full acquisition a year later in 2003. Critically assess eBay.s choice of market entry strategy for China, listing both the advantages and disadvantages of its acquisition strategy. As we know, eBay’s China expansion strategy can be considered as failure, despite the fact that eBay entered this potentially rewarding market with caution. This cautious strategy was very unusual for eBay, because they used full-forced, head-on, .be-first-or-nothing. strategy in other markets, for various reasons, it would be impossible to implement this strategy when penetrating Chinese market. So acquiring an already†¦show more content†¦TOM Online has a good experience in cooperation with Skype and has given great results in it. This shows that TOM Online knows how to present new product in the market and how to increase its market share, which is essential for eBay at the moment. All the aspects of TOM Online show that this company has a great and efficient knowledge of Chinese market and exactly this feature is very necessary for eBay to gain good results. In addition, political connections of the TOM Online can be very helpful in Chinese market, especially in nowadays and situation in China. Risks of this joint venture are not as great as benefits, but there is a risk to loose a chance to strengthen the eBay brand, because Chinese customers will be focused on the TOM Online and EachNet. There also is a risk of loosing big amounts of money, because TOM Online has a 2% bigger ownership, but in amount of money, eBay invests two times more money, however the success of the TOM EachNet depends more on TOM Online. There also can be assessed as a risk point, that TOM Online is focused on mobile value-added services and their target audience is generally young consumers, but eBay target audience is a little older. Question 3 eBay will have a 49% stake in the new joint venture while Tom Online will have 51% ownership. Critically assess both companies’ decisions on their respective percentage of stake In our opinion E-Bay’s decision to jointShow MoreRelatedEbay in China - Case Study4122 Words   |  17 Pages21/11/2011 E-Bay Strategy In China Alliance or Acquisition? Case Study Strategic Management Gabriela Ã…  alamonovà ¡ Barbora Jandovà ¡ Pierrick Boissel Julien Meunier Alexandre Godet SUMMARY I. The Input Stage ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · CAGE VRIO Analysis CPM matrix EFE matrix IFE matrix II. The Matching Stage ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · BCG matrix SPACE matrix GSM matrix III. The Decision Stage ï‚ · ï‚ · Matrix Analysis QSPM matrix IV. Questions ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · Assessment of eBay ´s choice of market entry strategy for China, listing both the advantagesRead MoreEbay in China - Case Study4108 Words   |  17 PagesE-Bay Strategy In China Alliance or Acquisition? Case Study Strategic Management Gabriela Ã…  alamonovà ¡ Barbora Jandovà ¡ Pierrick Boissel Julien Meunier Alexandre Godet SUMMARY I. The Input Stage ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · CAGE VRIO Analysis CPM matrix EFE matrix IFE matrix II. The Matching Stage ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · BCG matrix SPACE matrix GSM matrix III. The Decision Stage ï‚ · ï‚ · Matrix Analysis QSPM matrix IV. Questions ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · Assessment of eBay ´s choice of market entry strategy for China, listing both the advantagesRead MoreTaobao Case Analysis1551 Words   |  7 PagesHARVARD BUSINESS CASE: ALIBABA’S TAOBAO (A) GROUP 2 – GMBA Question 1: What are the major differences in the web designs of Taobao and eBay in China? Which is preferred to on-line buyers and sellers in China? Why? Taobao sought to distinguish itself from eBay in numerous ways. So Taobao’s web designs were imbued with a strong local culture that reflected a deep understanding of Chinese consumers and an attitude of informality. First of all, the website was designed like a Chinese department storeRead MoreTaobao948 Words   |  4 PagesAbstract In this case, it mainly defines how eBay enter the Chinese market and state problems why eBay failure problems in China compare to Tao Bao. We will introduce EBay, compare and contrast between eBay and Tao Bao, also, we talk about reasons failure in China. Introduction to EBay EBay which is a management that allows people from all over the world to buy and sell items, auctions and shopping online. EBay was founded on 4th September 1995 and by name Auction web of Pierre Omidyar in CaliforniaRead MoreIntellectual Property Essay1247 Words   |  5 Pageslaunches its product in one market it should be sure that there are no other products under the same trademark, and in case of existence of such products it should inform government to fight against counterfeiting. With such actions the company can protect its brand name and somehow reduce the counterfeit. It was also mentioned in the case that the main havens of phony goods are China, India, South Korea, Malaysia, Taiwan, and Thailand. The main portion of counterfeits is produced in these nations,Read MoreCase Study : Cultural Human Resource Management1361 Words   |  6 PagesA case study of cross- cultural human resource management Introduction Cultural issues in business are a phenomenon born by globalization of the market where companies invest in a foreign country to bring the culture of the host country and the company’s culture into contact. The market today is defined by global market that permits sharing of customers worldwide. However, during fierce competition, the market winners become the companies that who understand the Chinese culture. Therefore, culturalRead MoreEbay Case Study797 Words   |  4 PagesStrategic Management EBay Case Study 1. A). EBay’s greatest opportunities are: a. Long auction time-10 to 15days is too long for customers to wait b. Localizing their website all over the world c. Acquiring Skype and they have begun to integrate buyers and sellers d. Mobile phones, social media trends, will help them try to keep up with Amazon B). EBay’s greatest threats are: a. Constant Hacking and Fraud transaction b. Copyright problems-companies mayRead MoreWhy Ebay Failed in China1913 Words   |  8 PagesA report on Ebay and Taobao. Ebay v/s Taobao Critically evaluate eBay’s chosen market entry strategies, into the Chinese ‘C2C’ market, determining the shortcomings of the strategies deployed during the case study period. When entering into a new market, there are many aspects that must be considered in order for a company to be successful. Through this case study we will look at how eBay developed their market strategy using the concept of six key factors timing, location, marketingRead MoreRe Expansion Of Ebay Into China2685 Words   |  11 Pages The re-expansion of eBay into China seems to be a viable probability and a part of the companies plan for the near future. In 2002, eBay established a presence in china with the acquisition of leading auction site Eachnet to form eBay Eachnet. Up until 2005 eBay Eachnet was the leader of the ecommerce market due to their C2C platform. However, with the emergence of Alibaba owned subsidiary Taobao.com (Taobao), eBay Eachnet soon lost its stronghold on the market. This factor combined with aRead MorePirates of Globalization672 Words   |  3 PagesCAST STUDY NO.2 PIRATES OF GLOBALIZATION Presented to Professor (Dr.) Joseph F. Aiyeku MB 616: International Business Management. By Group No.2 1. What actions con companies and governments take to ensure that products cannot be easily pirates? Be specific. Answer: For example of garments products of Tommy Hilfiger; there are three categories for man, woman and children wears Products for man; Sport wear, Tailored, Underwear, Bags and eyewear Products for woman;

Essay about achieving success and virtual teams - 1109 Words

Case Analysis - 3 Achieving Success in Virtual Teams Overview: In todays competitive world, companies are gradually vacating their cubicles and enter into the virtual workforce to increase work efficiency, reduce cost and resolve organizational problems (Ahmed Ebrahim, 2009). Nowadays, companies are investing a bulk amount of money on virtual teams to enhance their performance since it has become an indispensable prerequisite for companies to stay in competitive in the era of globalization (Ahmed Ebrahim, 2009). Virtual teams consist of members from different cultural backgrounds who work in various organizations with different set of standards and members of the virtual teams have the least probability to meet in person†¦show more content†¦348). Virtual team members have to be more self- motivated and disciplined in their assigned work and they must be proficient in using variety of tech tools in order to accomplish their task (Settle-Murphy, 2009). Likewise, Virtual team members have to have the ability to manage their t ime effectively and those who can understand that how much time they need to get their task done are usually far more productive which in turns contribute to the success of virtual team. Moreover, communication effectiveness and stimulating work are the two vital features of actuating the success or failure of virtual teams; for instance, team members should know what to communicate, how and when and the whole communication process should be concise and lucid to avoid any misinterpretation (Nelson Quick, 2013, p. 348). In contrast, the failure of virtual teams relies on several things wherein people play a major part in the context of virtual arena; for example, a consulting service company; NetAge reveals the fact that the percentage of having failure of virtual teams is around 90% of people (Nelson Quick, 2013, p. 348). Vagueness in communication might lead to the failure of virtual teams; for instance, if the message is unclear and tough to comprehend then it would hamper the work procedure andShow MoreRelatedA Review On Virtual Team948 Words   |  4 PagesOF â€Å"VIRTUAL TEAM† AJAYI IBITOLA TOMISIN Griffith School of Engineering, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD4222, Australia This paper presents a review of virtual team. It defines the virtual team, present opportunities in virtual team, discusses its managerial and technological issues, lists the advantages disadvantages of virtual teams and recommends for the future. 1. Introduction 1.1. Overview of virtual team A virtual team whether across the street or across the world is a team whoseRead MoreManaging Time Effectively1205 Words   |  5 Pagesnot play a major part in your daily duties. It is also important for managers and employees to go through the decision making process before making an imperative decision. This will help to eliminate barriersthat are set up for failure. Teamwork and team building skills also play a major part in the workplace. Everyone should realize that there is a common goal for which each individual has a shared responsibility.` ` Effective time management is a systematicprocess that takes determinationRead MoreVirtual Teams1070 Words   |  5 PagesVirtual Teams in Action: Building the F-35 Fighter Case Study 1 By: Alyssa Dimeck MGT 404 10/09/2011 Professor Samuel Palmeri Virtual Teams in Action: Building the F-35 Fighter CASE SUMMARY The U.S. Department of Defense is known for their F-35 Lighting II Program; the focal point for defining affordable next generation stealth fighter aircraft. In 2002, the Department of Defense announced Lockheed Martin Aeronautic as the designer and builder of the fighter with Northrop Grumman andRead MorePros And Cons Of Virtual Teams1496 Words   |  6 PagesFinal Research Paper: The Pros and Cons of Virtual Teams A History in the Making From its very inception, the Internet was intended to create a means for a secure, reliable communication network, with the strategy to connect people with data. Information that once stood evanescent and restrictive by one’s personal radius of influence, flourished into an evergreen and ever-spanning wealth of information. Alan Evans, Kendall Martin, and Mary Anne Poatsy, co-authors of Technology in Action (2016) state:Read MoreTeam Work and Its Importance of Achieving Organizational Goal839 Words   |  4 PagesTEAM WORK Teamwork is defined as a joint action by a group of people†, in which each person subordinates his or her individual interests and opinions to the unity and efficiency of the group. 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There are five identified components of a virtual team. â€Å"There differentiators- commitment and engagement, shared processes for decision making, information flowRead MoreTypes of Teams in Contemporary Organizations976 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction We can define team as a group of individuals who are working together (not necessarily present physically at a common place) to achieve a common goal and thereby benefits for an organization through collaborative decision making. The successful team cannot be established until they have clear vision (Lewis, 2006) . According to Hackman following are the characteristics of a team: 1. Characteristics. 2. Shared goal. 3. Interdependence among members. 4. Identifiable membership. 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The expansion of the problem statement is centered primarily in a few levels of the company’s organization, including, individual, traditional a nd virtual teams, department, and organization. The requirementsRead MoreSharing Of Knowledge Management Systems1194 Words   |  5 PagesTheir IT infrastructure includes KnowledgeNet (2001), their first knowledge repository. They launched Connected Minds in 2014 that supports virtual community meetings through blogs, bookmarks and document uploads. Open Mind (2005) allows for collaboratively working on software development and ProjectSpace, a system that enables collaboration for project teams. Nevertheless, in this age of complex social networks and technology, challenges are inevitable. For Mindtree, a possible drawback with CoPs

Medieval Methods for Making Fabric From Wool

In the Middle Ages, wool was turned into cloth in the thriving wool production trade, in home-based cottage industry, and in private households for family use. Methods could vary depending on the wherewithal of the producer, but the basic processes of spinning, weaving, and finishing cloth were essentially the same. Wool is usually sheared from sheep all at once, resulting in a large fleece. Occasionally, the skin of a slaughtered sheep was utilized for its wool; but the product obtained, which was called pulled wool, was an inferior grade to that shorn from live sheep. If the wool was intended for trade (as opposed to local use), it was bound up with similar fleeces and sold or traded off until it reached its final destination in a cloth-manufacturing town. It was there that processing began. Sorting The first thing done to a fleece was to separate its wool into its various grades by coarseness because different types of wool were destined for different end products and required specialized methods of processing. Also, some types of wool had specific uses in the manufacturing process itself. The wool in the outer layer of fleece was ordinarily longer, thicker and coarser than the wool from the inner layers. These fibers would be spun into worsted yarn. The inner layers had softer wool of varying lengths that would be spun into woolen yarn. Shorter fibers would be further sorted by grade into heavier and finer wools; the heavier ones would be used to make thicker yarn for the warp threads in the loom, and the lighter ones would be used for the wefts. Cleansing Next, the wool was washed; soap and water would usually do for worsteds. For the fibers that would be used to make woolens, the cleansing process was particularly stringent and could include hot alkaline water, lye, and even stale urine. The aim was to remove the wool grease (from which lanolin is extracted) and other oils and greases as well as dirt and foreign matter. The use of urine was frowned upon and even outlawed at various points in the Middle Ages, but it was still common in home industries throughout the era. Following cleansing, the wools were rinsed several times. Beating After rinsing, the wools were set out in the sun on wooden slats to dry and were beaten, or broken, with sticks. Willow branches were often used, and thus the process was called willeying in England, brisage de laines in France and wullebreken in Flanders. Beating the wool helped remove any remaining foreign matter, and it separated entangled or matted fibers. Preliminary Dyeing Sometimes, dye would be applied to fiber before it was used in manufacturing. If so, this is the point at which the dyeing would occur. It was fairly common to soak fibers in a preliminary dye with the expectation that the color would combine with a different shade in a later dye bath. Fabric that was dyed at this stage was known as dyed-in-the-wool. Dyes usually required a mordant to keep the color from fading, and mordants often left a crystalline residue that made working with fibers extremely difficult. Therefore, the most common dye used in this early stage was woad, which did not require a mordant. Woad was a blue dye made from an herb indigenous to Europe, and it took about three days to use it to dye fiber and make the color fast. In later medieval Europe, such a large percentage of wool cloths were dyed with woad that cloth workers were often known as blue nails.1 Greasing Before the wools could be subjected to the harsh processing treatment that lay ahead, they would be greased with butter or olive oil to protect them. Those who produced their own cloth at home were likely to skip the more rigorous cleansing, allowing some of the natural lanolin to remain as a lubricant instead of adding grease. Although this step was done primarily to the fibers intended for woolen yarn, there is evidence that the longer, thicker fibers used to make worsteds were also lightly greased. Combing The next step in preparing wool for spinning varied depending on the type of wool, the instruments available and, oddly enough, whether certain tools had been outlawed. For worsted yarn, simple wool combs were used to separate and straighten the fibers. The teeth of the combs might be wooden or, as the Middle Ages progressed, iron. A pair of combs was used, and the wool would be transferred from one comb to the other and back again until it had been straightened and aligned. Combs were usually constructed with several rows of teeth and had a handle, which made them look a little like a modern-day dog brush. Combs were also used for woolen fibers, but in the central Middle Ages cards were introduced. These were flat boards with many rows of short, sharp metal hooks. By placing a handful of wool on one card and combing it until it had been transferred to the other, and then repeating the process several times, a light, airy fiber would result. Carding separated wools more effectively than combing, and it did so without losing the shorter fibers. It was also a good way to blend together different types of wool. For reasons that remain unclear, cards were outlawed in portions of Europe for several centuries. John H. Munroe posits that the reasoning behind the ban could be a fear that the sharp metal hooks would damage the wool, or that carding made it too easy to fraudulently blend inferior wools into superior ones. Instead of carding or combing, some woolens were subjected to a process known as bowing. The bow was an arched wooden frame, the two ends of which were attached with a taut cord. The bow would be suspended from the ceiling, the cord would be placed in a pile of wool fibers, and the wooden frame would be struck with a mallet in order to get the cord to vibrate. The vibrating cord would separate the fibers. Just how effective or common bowing was is debatable, but at least it was legal. Spinning Once the fibers were combed (or carded or bowed), they were wound on a distaff -- a short, forked stick —in preparation for spinning. Spinning was chiefly the province of women. The spinster would draw a few fibers from the distaff, twisting them between thumb and forefinger as she did so, and attach them to a drop-spindle. The weight of the spindle would pull the fibers down, stretching them out as it spun. The spinning action of the spindle, with the help of the spinsters fingers, twisted the fibers together into yarn. The spinster would add more wool from the distaff until the spindle reached the floor; shed then wind the yarn around the spindle and repeat the process. Spinsters stood as they  spun  so that the drop-spindle could spin out as long a yarn as possible before it had to be wound up. Spinning wheels were probably invented in India sometime after 500 CE.; their earliest recorded use in Europe is in the 13th century. Initially, they werent the convenient sit-down models of later centuries, powered by a foot pedal; rather, they were  hand-powered  and large enough so that the spinster would need to stand to use it. It may not have been any easier on the spinsters feet, but much more yarn could be produced on a spinning wheel than with a drop-spindle. However, spinning with a drop-spindle was common throughout the Middle Ages until the 15th century. Once the yarn was spun, it might be dyed. Whether it was dyed in the wool or in the yarn, color had to be added  by  this stage if a multi-colored cloth was to be produced. Knitting While knitting wasnt wholly unknown in the Middle Ages, scant evidence of hand-knitted garments survives. The relative ease of the craft of knitting and the ready availability of materials and tools for making knitting needles makes it hard to believe that peasants didnt knit themselves warm clothing from wool they got from their own sheep. The lack of surviving garments isnt at all surprising, considering the fragility of all cloth and the amount of time that has passed since the medieval era. Peasants could have worn their knitted garments to pieces, or they may have reclaimed the yarn for alternate uses when the garment grew too old or threadbare to wear any longer. Far more common than knitting in the Middle Ages was weaving. Weaving Weaving cloth was practiced in households as well as in professional cloth-making establishments. In homes where people produced cloth for their own use, spinning was often the province of women, but weaving was usually done by men. Professional weavers in manufacturing locations like Flanders and Florence were also usually men, though women weavers were not unknown. The essence of weaving is, simply, to draw one yarn or thread (the weft) through a set of perpendicular yarns (the warp), threading the weft alternately behind and in front of each individual warp thread. Warp threads were usually stronger and heavier than weft  threads  and came from different grades of fiber. The variety of weights in warps and wefts could result in specific textures. The number of weft fibers drawn through the loom in one pass could vary, as could the number of warps the weft would travel in front of before passing behind; this deliberate variety was used to achieve different textured patterns. Sometimes, warp threads were dyed (usually blue) and weft threads remained undyed, producing colored patterns. Looms  were constructed to make this process go more smoothly. The earliest looms were vertical; the warp threads stretched from the top of the loom to the floor and, later, to a bottom frame or roller. Weavers stood when they worked on vertical looms. The  horizontal loom  made its first appearance in Europe in the 11th century, and by the 12th century, mechanized versions were being used. The advent of the mechanized horizontal loom is generally considered the most important technological development in medieval textile production. A weaver would sit at a mechanized loom, and instead of threading the weft in front of and behind alternate warps by hand, hed merely have to press a foot pedal to raise up one set of alternate warps and draw the weft underneath it in one straight pass. Then hed press the other pedal, which would raise the other set of warps, and draw the weft underneath  that  in the other direction. To make this process easier, a shuttle was used -- a boat-shaped tool that contained yarn wound around a bobbin. The shuttle would glide easily over the bottom set of warps as the yarn unspooled. Fulling  or Felting Once the fabric had been woven and taken off the loom it would be subjected to a  fulling  process. (Fulling wasnt usually necessary if the fabric was made from worsted as opposed to woolen yarn.) Fulling thickened the fabric and made the natural hair fibers mat together through agitation and the application of  liquid. It was more effective if heat was part of the equation, as well. Initially,  fulling  was done by immersing the cloth in a vat of warm water and stomping on it or beating it with hammers. Sometimes additional chemicals were added, including soap or urine to help remove the natural lanolin of the wool or the grease that had been added to protect it in the earlier stages of processing. In Flanders, fullers earth was used in the process to absorb impurities; this was a type of soil containing a significant amount of clay, and it was naturally available in the region. Though originally done by hand (or foot), the  fulling  process gradually became automated through the use of fulling mills. These were often quite large and powered by water, although smaller, hand-cranked machines were also known. Foot-fulling was still done in household manufacturing, or when the cloth was particularly fine and wasnt to be subjected to the harsh treatment of hammers. In towns where cloth manufacture was a thriving household industry, weavers could take their cloth to a communal fulling mill. The term fulling is sometimes used interchangeably with felting. Although the process is essentially the same,  fulling  is done to cloth that has already been woven, whereas felting actually produces cloth from unwoven, separate fibers. Once cloth was fulled or felted, it could not easily unravel. After  fulling, the fabric would be thoroughly rinsed. Even worsteds that didnt need  fulling  would be washed to remove any oil or dirt that had accumulated during the weaving process. Because dyeing was a process that immersed the fabric in liquid, it may have been dyed at this point, especially in home industries. However, it was more common to wait until a later stage in production.  Cloth  that was dyed after it was woven was known as dyed-in-the-piece. Drying After it was rinsed, cloth was hung up to dry. Drying was done on specially-designed frames known as tenter frames, which used tenterhooks to hold the cloth. (This is where we get the phrase on tenterhooks to describe a state of suspense.) The sturdy frames stretched the fabric so that it wouldnt shrink too much; this process was carefully gauged, because fabric that was stretched too far, while large in square feet, would be thinner and weaker than fabric that was stretched to the proper dimensions. Drying was done in the open air; and in cloth-producing towns, this meant the fabric was always subject to inspection. Local regulations often dictated the specifics of drying cloth in order to ensure quality, thus maintaining the reputation of the town as a source of fine cloth, as well as that of the cloth manufacturers themselves. Shearing Fulled fabrics—especially those made from curly-haired woolen yarn -- were often very fuzzy and covered with nap. Once the fabric had been dried, it would be shaved or  sheared  to remove this extra material. Shearers would use a device that had remained pretty much unchanged since Roman times: shears, which consisted of two razor-sharp blades attached to a U-shaped bow spring. The spring, which was made of steel, also served as the handle of the device. A shearer would attach the cloth to a padded table that sloped downward and had hooks to keep the fabric in place. He would then press the bottom blade of his shears into the cloth at the top of the table and gently slide it down, clipping the fuzz and nap by bringing down the top blade as he went. Shearing a piece of fabric completely could take several passes, and would often alternate with the next step in the process, napping. Napping or Teaseling After (and before, and after) shearing, the next step was to raise the nap of the fabric enough to give it a soft, smooth finish. This was done by grooming the cloth with the head of a plant known as a teasel. A teasel was a member of the  Dipsacus  genus and had a dense, prickly flower, and it would be rubbed gently over the fabric. Of course, this could raise the nap so much that the cloth would be too fuzzy and had to be sheared again. The amount of shearing and teaseling necessary would depend on the quality and type of wool used and the result desired. Though metal and wood tools were tested for this step, they were considered potentially too damaging for fine cloth, so the teasel plant was used for this process throughout the Middle Ages. Dyeing Cloth might be dyed in the wool or in the yarn, but even so, it would usually be dyed in the piece as well, either to deepen the color or to combine with the previous dye for a different tint. Dyeing in the piece was a procedure that could realistically take place at almost any point in the manufacturing process, but most commonly it was done after the fabric had been sheared. Pressing When the teaseling and shearing (and, possibly, dyeing) was done, the fabric would be pressed to complete the smoothing process. This was done in a flat, wooden vise. Woven wool that had been fulled, dried, shorn, teaseled, dyed, and pressed could be luxuriously soft to the touch and made into the finest clothing and draperies. Unfinished Cloth Professional cloth manufacturers in wool production towns could, and did, produce cloth from the wool-sorting stage to the final pressing. However, it was quite common to sell fabric that wasnt completely finished. Producing undyed fabric was very common, allowing tailors and drapers to choose just the right hue. And it was not at all uncommon to leave out the shearing and teaseling steps, reducing the price of the fabric for consumers willing and able to perform this task themselves. Cloth Quality and Variety Every step along the manufacturing process was an opportunity for cloth-makers to excel -- or not. Spinners and weavers who had low-quality wool to work with could still turn out fairly decent cloth, but it was common for such wool to be worked with the least possible effort in order to turn out a product quickly. Such cloth would, of course, be cheaper; and it might be used for items other than garments. When manufacturers paid for better raw materials and took the extra time required for higher quality, they could charge more for their products. Their reputation for quality would attract the wealthier merchants, artisans, guildsmen and the nobility. Although sumptuary laws were enacted, usually in times of economic instability, to keep the lower classes from garbing themselves in finery ordinarily reserved for the upper classes, it was more often the extreme expense of the clothing worn by the nobility that kept other people from buying it. Thanks to the diverse kinds of cloth manufacturers and the many types of wool of different levels of quality they had to work with, a wide variety of wool cloth was produced in medieval times.

Management and Organizational Culture in Samsung - 1541 Words

Course: NZDB 530 Organisation and Management Trimester 2 2010 Assessment 2: Essay on Organizational Culture SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS Submitted by: Chung Daewan(Steve) ID# 20904451 Submitted on: 5th July 2010 Submitted to: Jene Parilla TABLE OF CONTENTS â…  . Essay on Organizational Culture †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..................................................3 â… ¡. Metaphor†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.......................................................................................6 â… ¢. Appendices†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....................................................................................7 â… £. References..................................................................................................9 1. Essay on organizational culture Introduction: Every†¦show more content†¦In addition, from its own vision, we find the word of excellence. We can find another type of the organizational culture at this stage. It is almost impossible for an organization to have the same philosophy and vision as other competitor in the same industry has. Each of organization has its own vision and philosophy but we cannot see that on the surface unless the organization puts it on the website or wherever else they can. These components are what we call Invisible Aspects of the organizational culture, which can include Assumptions, Perceptions, Attitudes, and Expectations. Another example of invisible aspects of the organizational culture in SAMSUNG is its Managerial Focusing. â€Å"Creativity, collaboration, and excellence are the hallmarks of leadership at SAMSUNG. By attracting the world`s most talented managers and continuously evolving our company`s culture to support them, we foster innovative ideas that advance technology, create n ew products and markets, and improve everyday lives of our customer.† said Gee-sung Choi, President and CEO of SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS. From his belief of the management, we can find out what they expect for the management. The word `innovative ideas` reflects that it expects mangers to have an innovative and creative idea that advances technology and encourages them to feel free to speak out whenever they have a new idea. Also, it shows the way they communicate in theShow MoreRelatedManagement and Organizational Culture in Samsung1548 Words   |  7 PagesCourse: NZDB 530 Organisation and Management Trimester 2 2010 Assessment 2: Essay on Organizational Culture SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS Submitted by: Chung Daewan(Steve) ID# 20904451 Submitted on: 5th July 2010 Submitted to: Jene Parilla TABLE OF CONTENTS â…  . Essay on Organizational Culture †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..................................................3 â… ¡. Metaphor†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.......................................................................................6 â… ¢. 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Marijuana Should Be Banned Free Essays

Marijuana is a type of harmful drug that is made from the plant called cannabis, and it’s the illegal in most areas around the world. It’s usually smoked as a cigarette or in a pipe. Many people believe that marijuana should be banned because it has bad effects on brain and body. We will write a custom essay sample on Marijuana Should Be Banned or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, others think that everybody deserves the freedom to use marijuana. Whether or not marijuana should be banned is one of the most controversial topics. First of all, many people argue that marijuana can be use as a type of medicine to treat cancer or AIDS.However, marijuana can be very addictive. When the users are addicted to marijuana, it is very hard to quit. It begins to control their lives. In order to overcome the addiction, they have to practice abstinence, which is extremely difficult because it causes sleeplessness, anxiety, or depression. Therefore, it’s better not to use marijuana than practicing abstinent. Also, it increases heart rate and bad for our lungs. Secondly, people support marijuana because it is a very popular agricultural product.The countries that sell marijuana will have more money. However, many Americans believe that the use of drugs is morally wrong. If marijuana is known as a type of drug, the use of marijuana is immoral. In some religions such as Buddhism, taking drugs is against the religious codes as well. Next, it is individuals’ choices and rights to decide whether or not they should use marijuana. The government has no right to prohibit the use of marijuana as long as it doesn’t harm other people except those that use marijuana.People who want marijuana to be banned strongly believe that crime and violence in America increase due to the illegal buying and selling of this substance. If the government prohibits it, there will be less crime, and it will be safer for the society. In conclusion, after looking at both sides, I think marijuana should be banned. Therefore, it is safer for everybody. In my opinion, the use of drug is never right. It makes the users happy, but it can destroy their lives if they can’t quit. It’s the effect after taking marijuana that matters. How to cite Marijuana Should Be Banned, Papers

Kids Should Be Paid for Good Grades free essay sample

Money can be a motivation to encourage students to study hard. The students will feel that their effort is worthy when they are remunerated. Compensation for children’s good grades can also nurture children’s concept about money. And the last, parents can refuse their kids’ unreasonable request of purchasing and let them earn it. In general, kids should get paid for good marks. First, if kids get paid for good grades, they will be motivated to get high marks. As they grow up, their demands on variety things will increase as well. However, their parents will not always satisfy their children’s needs with everything. At this point, some children might be disappointed because they cannot get what they want even though they attain good grades. For instance, if a child wants an iPhone and the parents refuse the request because it is too expensive, the child will concentrate on the iPhone rather than study hard. We will write a custom essay sample on Kids Should Be Paid for Good Grades or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Instead of saying â€Å"no† to the child, the parents can reward good grades so that the child will maintain good marks in order to buy the phone. Of course, when the child has enough savings due to good performance, the child will eventually received what he or she desired. Thus, money can be a great incentive for children to study hard. Second, children will form financial concepts about the real value of money. They hardly know the purpose of money except it could be used to exchange with the goods they want. They did not know the value, power or even the amount of money. The perception of kids about money would probably be â€Å"money comes out from mommy’s or daddy’s pocket. Therefore, paying children based on their grades allows them to know the concept of â€Å"all pays deserve gains. † Kids will soon realize that money comes from their effort and is for good reasons. Third, due to the modern society that we live in, kids are attracted by lots of fancy and luxury products and they might have unreasonable demand. Parents can refuse the unpractical demands of their children. The children will not unde rstand their parents since they are immature. In order to establish a balance between â€Å"buying what they want† and â€Å"they cannot have it†, paying for good grades is a better solution. If kids get paid, they will keep studying hard. Paying for good school work does not only benefit the children, but also the parents. Kids will be motivated by the appeal of money, while their knowledge of finance will be developed simultaneously. In addition, kids will understand that they harvest what they plant. Therefore, kids should get paid for their good marks.

Initial Design Report Sensing and Controlling

Question: Discuss about the Initial Design Report for Sensing and Controlling. Answer: Introduction In this project, a water level indicator design has been proposed. The Water Level Indicator will be designed using PIC 16F887. The final product designed would consist of the electronics part pf the product, which would be a Water Level Indicator with sensors and PIC microcontroller, and the product packaging, which would be designed on a 3D modelling software. The product packaging will be used to mount the software and it will also provide an interface to the user. The electronics part of the Water Level Indicator wold consist of the PIC microcontroller, the sensors, oscillators, voltage regulator, display circuit, and other necessary components of the circuit. Background Of Water Level Indicator A Water Level Indicator is a very important product. It can be installed on an overhead tank, to monitor the level of water. Specific levels can be specified for the indications, which are when reached, the Water Level Indicator can display the same to the user. The level of water can be tracked, and necessary action can be taken before the water overflows from the tank. Thus, the product Water Level Indicator would help in checking the wastage of water as well as energy. The product works on the basic idea that water is a good conductor of electricity. Design Justification The product would consist of indicator levels, which would serve as reference points for the water. When the water will reach those reference points, the user will be notified of the level reached by the water. The display attached to the product will serve the purpose of indicating the level reached. The reference points would consists of conducting plates to complete the circuit when water reached them. They will work as sensors in the Water Level Indicator. A voltage regulator will be included in the design, which would be needed for controlling the supply of voltage to the PIC microcontroller, and other electronic components and prevent them from any voltage surge. The oscillator circuit will be used to clock the PIC microcontroller. The product packaging will be designed such that all the components of the product can fit in the circuit completely, except sensors, and display can be viewed from it. Product Requirements Various requirements of the product, including their design details and specification, are: Power Supply Requirement The Water Level Indicator will be provided with a voltage regulator, to control the power supply received by its various components. The PIC microcontroller can be provided up to 5V. An additional output of 12V will be provided by the voltage regulator, which can be used for controlling additional components, like motors to control the water input to the tank at some later stage of product extension, in the voltage regulator. A proposed circuit for the voltage regulator is included below: Sensors The water level sensors will be installed at various levels of the tank. The sensors will receive the data when water reaches them, and will then transmit it to the PIC microcontroller, so that necessary action can be taken. The sensors work on the principle that water is a good conductor of electricity. Thus, when the water reaches the sensors, the circuit is completed, and a trigger is initiated, which can be monitored by the microcontroller to know the current level of water. The proposed sensor setup has been given below. Display Unit The LCD display will be used in the product. The LCD will be interfaced with the microcontroller using output ports of the PIC microcontroller. The display unit, LCD, will be used for display of level of water in the tank. In addition to LCD, LEDs will be used for indication of level of water. The LEDs will be connected to the PIC Microcontroller in series with resistors. Each LED will indicate the current level of water, that is, the current sensors that has been touched by the water. It will be automatically updated. Oscillator Crystal Oscillator will be used with the microcontroller. The oscillator will be used to clock the microcontroller, so that the auto update, continuous clock run, etc. can run according to the baud rate. The oscillator circuit will be interfaced at the oscillator input and output ports of the microcontroller. Engineering Specification The specifications of the proposed Water Level Indicator are as follows: The Water Level Indicator will be able to monitor five levels of water. This corresponds to five sends installed in the water tank. The Water Level Indicator will use PIC 16F887 for receiving the data from the sensors, controlling the display components, that is LEDs and LCD. The voltage regulator will have two output ports: One for PIC Microcontroller, with 5V output. One for proposed motor interface in project extension n future, with 12V output. The complete setup is expected to fit in a box of size 30cm by 15cm. This would include the microcontroller, voltage regulator, display units (LEDs and LCD) etc. The sensors will not be included in this packaging. The sensors will be installed in the water tank. The output pins of PIC microcontroller will be used to interface the display units of the product. The input pins of PIC microcontroller will be used to interface sensors of the product. The digital output and analog input pins will be used in this product, from the PIC 16F87. Proposed Design Diagram The proposed circuit diagram for the product has been included below: The diagram include all the components that would be used in the product designing, including their proposed port mapping with the PIC Microcontroller. The interface with LCD, LED and sensors has also been shown. The oscillator circuit has been included with the interface with the microcontroller. References Reza, S.K., Tariq, S.A.M. and Reza, S.M., 2010, October. Microcontroller based automated water level sensing and controlling: design and implementation issue. In Proceedings of the world congress on engineering and computer science (Vol. 1, pp. 20-22). Peso, D., 1988. Water level indicator. U.S. Patent 4,757,305. Nzioka, S., 2016. Water Level Indicator (Doctoral dissertation, United States International University-Africa). Oerbeck, I., 1962. Water Level Indicator (No. KR-23). Norway. Institut for Atomenergi, Kjeller. Rakshit, D., Baral, B., Datta, S., Deb, P.B., Mukherjee, P. and Paul, S., Water Level Indicator. Murase, M. and Araki, H., 1996. Water level indicator.